Research is also helping us understand the genetic basis of PKD. Recent studies suggest that drinking plain water throughout the day and avoiding caffeine in beverages can slow the growth of cysts. However, a lot of research is being done. is younger than 30-years old with a family history of PKD and a negative ultrasound, and is planning to start a familyĪt present, there is no cure for PKD.has a family history of PKD and wants to donate a kidney.has an uncertain diagnosis based on imaging tests.However, genetic testing can be useful when a person: The test is costly, and it also fails to detect PKD in about 15% of people who have it. Genetic testing is not recommended for everyone. This involves a blood test that checks for abnormal genes that cause the disease. In some situations, genetic testing might also be done. MRI is used to measure and monitor the volume and growth of kidneys and cysts. Occasionally, a CT scan (computed tomography scan) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) may detect smaller cysts that cannot be found by an ultrasound. If someone at risk for PKD is older than 40 years and has a normal ultrasound of the kidneys, they probably do not have PKD. Ultrasound is the most reliable, inexpensive and non-invasive way to diagnose PKD. Women with high blood pressure who have had 3 or more pregnancies.Patients with protein or blood in their urine.Certain people have an increased risk of kidney failure including: People with kidney failure will need dialysis or a kidney transplant. If PKD affects the heart, the valves can become floppy, resulting in a heart murmur in some patients.Ībout 50% of people with PKD will have kidney failure by age 60, and about 60% will have kidney failure by age 70. An aneurysm is a bulging blood vessel that can burst, resulting in a stroke or even death. If PKD affects the brain, it can cause an aneurysm. Cysts in these organs usually do not cause serious problems, but can in some people. People with PKD may have cysts in their liver, pancreas, spleen, ovaries, and large bowel. PKD can affect other organs besides the kidney. Due to this increased risk, women with PKD, particularly those who also have high blood pressure, should be followed closely during their pregnancy by their doctor. This is a life-threatening disorder for both the mother and baby, and can develop suddenly and without warning. However, some women with PKD have an increased risk for serious complications for themselves and their babies, especially for those who also have:Ībout 40% of pregnant women with PKD, who also have high blood pressure, develop a condition called pre-eclampsia (or toxemia). Most women with PKD (80%) have successful and uneventful pregnancies. Many university medical centers have this service. Individuals with PKD who are concerned about passing the disease to their children may want to consult a genetics counselor to help them with family planning. In this situation, every child has a 25% chance of getting the disease. If both parents carry the abnormal gene, and both parents pass an abnormal gene to the child, it is called recessive inheritance. The risk is the same for every child, regardless of how many children develop the disease. Each child has a 50% chance of getting the disease. If one parent has the disease and passes an abnormal gene to the child, it is called dominant inheritance. This happens through something called dominant inheritance or recessive inheritance. Genes can also determine the likelihood of developing a disease.Ī genetic disease can happen if one or both parents pass abnormal genes to a child. They determine many characteristics such as hair color and eye color. At conception, children receive a set of genes from each parent. Genes are the basic elements of heredity. It is an inherited disorder that is passed from parents to children through genes.
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